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简答题甲醇的化学性质有哪些？
  • A、甲醇氧化生成甲醛、甲酸，燃烧生成二氧化碳。
    CH3OH+1/2O2→HCHO+H2O
    HCHO+1/2O2→HCOOH
    CH3OH+3/2O2→CO2+2H2O
    B、甲醇胺化生成甲胺
    CH3OH+NH3→CH3NH2+H2O
    2CH3OH+NH3→（CH3）2NH+2H2O
    3CH3OH+NH3→（CH3）3N+3H2O
    C、甲醇羰基化，生成醋酸
    CH3OH+CO→CH3COOH
    D、甲醇酯化生成各种酯类化合物
    CH3OH+HCOOH→HCOOCH3+H2O
    2CH3OH+H2SO4→（CH3）2SO4+2H2O
    CH3OH+HNO3→CH3NO3+H2O
    E、甲醇氯化，生成氯甲烷
    CH3OH+Cl2+H2→CH3Cl+HCl+H2O
    CH3Cl+Cl2→CH2Cl2+HCl
    CH2Cl2+Cl2→CHCl3+HCl
    CHCl3+Cl2→CCl4+HCl
    F、甲醇与氢氧化钠反应生成甲醇钠
    CH3OH+NaOH→CH3ONa+H2O
    G、甲醇脱水
    2CH3OH→（CH3）2O+H2O
    H、甲醇与苯反应生成甲苯
    CH3OH+C6H6→C6H5CH3+H2O
    I、甲醇与光气生成碳酸二甲酯
    2CH3OH+COCl2→（CH3O）2CO+2HCl
    J、甲醇与二硫化碳反应生成二甲基亚砜
    4CH3OH+CS2→2（CH3）2S+CO2+2H2O
    3（CH3）2S+2HNO3→3（CH3）2SO+2NO+H2O
    K、甲醇裂解
    CH3OH→CO+2H2

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