试题详情
- 简答题简述RIP的防环机制。
-
1.定义最大跳数 Maximum Hop Count (15跳)
2.水平分割 Split Horizon (默认所有接口开启,除了Frame-Relay的物理接口,可用ship interface 查看开启还是关闭)
3.毒化路由 Poizoned Route
4.毒性反转 Poison Reverse (RIP基于UDP,UDP和IP都不可靠,不知道对方收到毒化路由没有;类似于对毒化路由的Ack机制)
5.保持计时器 hold -down Timer (防止路由表频繁翻动)
6.闪式更新 Flash Update
7.触发更新 Triggered Update (需手工启动,且两边都要开 Router (config-if)# ip rip triggered )当启用触发更新后,RIP不再遵循30s的周期性更新时间,这也是与闪式更新的区别所在。 RIP的4个计时器:更新计时器(update): 30 s无效计时器(invalid): 180 s (180s没收到更新,则置为possible down状态)保持计时器(holddown): 180s (真正起作用的只有60s)刷新计时器(flush): 240s (240s没收到更新,则删除这条路由) 如果路由变成possible down后,这条路由跳数将变成16跳,标记为不可达;这时holddown计时器开始计时。在holddown时间内即使收到更优的路由,不加入路由表;这样做是为了防止路由频繁翻动。什么时候启用holddown计时器: “当收到一条路由更新的跳数大于路由表中已记录的该条路由的跳数” 关注下方微信公众号,在线模考后查看
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